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316.1939 Refusal to submit to testing; penalties: Any person who has refused to submit to a chemical or physical test of his or her breath, blood, or urine, as described in s. 316.193, and whose driving privilege was previously suspended for a prior refusal to submit to a lawful test of his or h...

There was no error in denying motion to suppress evidence discovered during search of defendant's vehicle which was based on officers detecting the odor of marijuana. Regardless of whether the smell of marijuana is indistinguishable from that of hemp, the smell of marijuana emanating from a vehic...

Officer who responded to report of van that veered into oncoming traffic and, after locating vehicle, observed it cross fog line twice, had reasonable suspicion for investigatory stop -- Detention of defendant for 15 minutes without beginning investigation while awaiting arrival of DUI unit was u...

Where deputy approached defendant who was talking on cell phone in lawfully parked vehicle in hotel parking lot and observed open container of beer in vehicle, deputy requested defendant's driver's license and advised that he would be searching her vehicle, and deputy directed defendant to exit h...

Charges stemming from incident in which defendant shot victim, who had previously been invited into defendant's home. After victim refused to leave defendant's home and became engaged in a physical altercation with defendant's boyfriend. The Trial court erred in denying defendant's motion to dism...

Administrative Licenses Suspension: When arrested for DUI the officer will usually take your FL D/L and issue a DUI ticket. You have 10 days from the date of the DUI ticket to either waive or request a formal or informal administrative license suspension hearing. Failure to do one of the above w...

Expert testimony regarding administration or reliability of field sobriety exercises is precluded -- Officer's testimony regarding his training and experience with regard to exercises goes to credibility and weight of evidence regarding his observations and does not make him expert witness subjec...

FLORIDA DUI SANCTIONS: FIRST TIME DUI JAIL TIME. Maximum of 6 months in jail.   If the driver's blood/breath alcohol (BAC) was .15 or higher, or there was a minor in the vehicle, the maximum jail sentence is 9 months. Probation 6 to 12 months. Fines $500 to $1000.  If the blood alcohol level was...

While on patrol officer observed a vehicle parked with its lights out in front of a closed business. Officer approached the vehicle and when the defendant opened the drives door officer could detect a strong odor of cannabis coming from the vehicle, officer had no other reasonable suspicion of cr...

Possession, of a medical marijuana card in and of itself is not sufficient to claim immunity from prosecution. If arrested for possession of marijuana and a claim of immunity is asserted, the defendant must show that he/she is a qualifying patient along with a showing of having been diagnosed wit...

Experiment conducted by police detective involving the shooting of a shirt from different distances. Trial court erred in allowing evidence of an unscientific experiment conducted by a police detective that was intended to prove that the victim was shot at close range, which would have been consi...

Driving under influence -- Search and seizure -- Field sobriety exercises -- Where defendant, who was lawfully stopped and detained, was never asked if he would consent to field sobriety exercises, but merely submitted to trooper's show of apparent authority that would lead reasonable person to c...

It is well recognized that police officers may conduct welfare checks and that such checks are considered consensual encounters that do not involve constitutional implications. [Greider v. State, 977 So.2d 789, 792 (Fla. 2d DCA 2008) [33 Fla. L. Weekly D949b]] (recognizing that officer's making i...

The search of defendant conducted by officer who pulled up to defendant's parked vehicle to give a verbal warning regarding defendant's license plate cover and observed the butt of a handgun sticking out of defendant's waistband; The trial court erred in denying motion to suppress. The officer di...

Counsel was ineffective for failing to move to suppress controlled substances found in defendant's backpack following an illegal arrest and search incident to that illegal arrest. Counsel's Ineffectiveness is apparent on the face of the record, which showed that sole basis for arrest was violatio...

Boating under influence, Search and seizure, Detention. sheriff's deputy did not have reasonable suspicion to detain defendant by requiring him to board deputy's patrol boat and travel to marina for field sobriety exercises where, at the time of detention, the only evidence of impairment was odor...

Search and seizure, Traffic stop, Search of vehicle subsequent to traffic stop during which officer detected the odor of marijuana. The trial court erred in denying defendant's motion to suppress where traffic stop for a broken tail light was unlawful. Section of chapter 316 that enumerates the r...

Criminal law, Arson, Exploitation of elderly, Evidence, Statements of defendant, Statement/proffer made in connection with plea negotiations where the defendant exhibited actual subjective expectation to negotiate plea at time of statement/proffer and expectation was reasonable given totality of ...

DUI Manslaughter -- Vehicular homicide -- Evidence -- Statements of defendant -- Physician-patient privilege -- It was error to deny the defendant's motion to suppress incriminating statements she made during interrogation where she unequivocally invoked her right to remain silent at three separa...

The trial court erred in denying defendant's motion for immunity from prosecution for attempted second-degree murder, aggravated battery, and shooting at a vehicle because defendant initially provoked confrontation. “Initial provocation” exception to immunity created by section 776.041(2) does no...

Confession. Voluntariness. Trial court erred in denying defendant's motion to suppress his post-Miranda interrogation statements. Detective's failure to re-read Miranda rights to defendant after defendant reinitiated conversation with detective rendered defendant's confession involuntary, despite...

Injunction -- Repeat violence -- Petitioner who, individually and on behalf of his minor child, sought injunction against former wife's boyfriend. Injunction reversed where evidence did not support finding that respondent committed acts of repeat violence as defined in section 784.046. Respondent...

Trial court erred in denying defendant's motion to suppress his confession. Defendant's confession was involuntary where interrogating officers made constant vague offers to help defendant yet failed to explain or clarify the limits of their authority. Viewing totality of officers' statements tha...

Criminal law -- Murder -- Self-defense -- Evidence -- Silence of defendant -- Pre-Miranda -- Ineffective assistance of counsel -- Prosecutor's statements about defendant's pre-arrest, pre-Miranda silence in opening and closing arguments and state's presentation of testimony about that silence dur...

Criminal law -- Open container -- Possession of cocaine and paraphernalia -- Search and seizure. Non-criminal violation of municipal ordinance . Full custodial arrest for violating municipal ordinance prohibiting consumption of alcoholic beverages or possession of open container on public right-o...